Appearance and treatments for yeast infections, along with illustrative examples.

Appearance and treatments for yeast infections, along with illustrative examples.

Yeast infections are a common health issue that can affect various parts of the body, causing discomfort and irritation. These infections occur when there is an overgrowth of fungi from the Candida species, which naturally reside on the skin and mucous membranes.

One common type of yeast infection is oral thrush, also known as oral candidiasis. This condition occurs when yeast grows excessively in the mouth or throat, causing white, creamy patches on the tongue, inner cheeks, gums, or throat. These patches may be accompanied by soreness, pain, difficulty swallowing, and loss of taste.

Vaginal yeast infections, or thrush, are another common form of this infection. The symptoms typically include a white discharge that resembles cottage cheese, itching and irritation in the genital area, redness, swelling, and soreness of the vulva and vaginal opening, and a burning sensation during urination or intercourse.

Skin yeast infections can manifest as red, itchy, and sometimes scaly rashes, swelling or soreness in the affected area, and may appear in warm, moist areas of the body such as under breasts, in skin folds, or between fingers and toes.

Nail yeast infections, known as onychomycosis caused by Candida, can lead to thickening or discoloration of the nails, brittleness or crumbling of the nails, and possible redness, swelling, or pain around the nails. In some cases, the nail may separate from the nail bed.

Certain factors can disrupt the body's ability to keep Candida under control, such as antibiotics, hormonal contraceptives, pregnancy, a weak immune system, medications (steroids, immunosuppressants, chemotherapy), diabetes, vaginal douches and sprays, and conditions like HIV. Pregnant people should not take the antifungal medication fluconazole (Diflucan) due to the risk of birth defects.

The treatment for a yeast infection depends on its location and severity. Mild infections can often be treated with over-the-counter options, while more severe or recurring infections may require prescription antifungal medication. It is important to speak with a doctor first if experiencing symptoms of a yeast infection, as the symptoms can be similar to those of bacterial vaginosis and some sexually transmitted infections. A doctor can confirm the infection and recommend the best treatment.

In summary, recognizing the specific symptoms in each area aids in appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Yeast infections can be uncomfortable, but with proper understanding and timely medical attention, they can be effectively managed.

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