Aviation safety concerns: Risks of blood clots during flights?

Aviation safety concerns: Risks of blood clots during flights?

In the midst of planning an extended journey, whether by air, land, or sea, it's essential to be aware of the increased risk of developing Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) due to prolonged immobility. Those with additional risk factors, such as recent surgery, pregnancy, or pre-existing vascular conditions, face an even higher risk. Fortunately, a series of evidence-based preventative measures can help reduce this risk.

For all travellers, maintaining an active lifestyle is crucial. This means making a point to move your legs and body regularly. On planes, take advantage of walking the aisle when possible; in cars, trains, or buses, take breaks to stand and walk around. If movement is restricted, simple calf exercises such as ankle circles, toe raises, and calf muscle contractions can help promote circulation.

Staying hydrated is another essential factor in reducing the risk of DVT. Drinking plenty of water is vital to avoid dehydration, which can thicken the blood and increase clotting risk. While on the move, avoid excessive alcohol and caffeine, as they can contribute to dehydration.

Additionally, keeping your legs uncrossed and feet flat on the floor helps promote better blood flow. Wearing loose, non-restrictive clothing is also advisable to avoid impeding circulation.

For those with varicose veins or other venous conditions, the risk of DVT is heightened. In such cases, it's recommended to consider shorter journeys if possible. Compression stockings (properly fitted and typically 15–30 mm Hg) are recommended for everyone on long flights, not just high-risk individuals, to reduce swelling and DVT risk.

Pregnant women should consult their obstetrician before travel, especially if they have complications. If cleared to travel, they should follow the general recommendations and consider wearing compression stockings.

Those traveling soon after bone repair surgery, especially to the lower body, should consult their surgeon before traveling. In some cases, they may recommend compression stockings and possibly anticoagulant medications.

Compression stockings are effective in preventing blood from pooling in the legs, especially during long periods of sitting. They are particularly advised for those with risk factors but can benefit all travellers on long journeys. It's essential to ensure they are properly fitted—consult a healthcare provider if unsure.

High-risk individuals, those with multiple risk factors or a history of DVT, should consult their healthcare provider before travel. They may recommend additional measures, such as prophylactic medication. Be alert for symptoms of DVT (swelling, pain, redness in the leg) or pulmonary embolism (sudden shortness of breath, chest pain)—seek immediate medical attention if these occur.

By following these measures, travellers can significantly reduce their risk of developing DVT during long journeys by any mode of transportation. It's essential to speak with a doctor before traveling with a DVT or pulmonary embolism history, as certain precautions may be necessary to ensure a safe journey.

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